Misconceptions About Africa Free Essays

Coming to America Paper In the film â€Å"Coming to America† we can watch a wide assortment of generalizations, social contrasts, and language obstructions all through the film. Presently whether the generalizations and social contrasts are exact, it gives us a smart thought of how America is distinction then most nations around the globe. In today’s world when individuals consider Africa they consider individuals who may not be as taught as Americans, and potentially individuals who experienced childhood in the wilderness or rainforest. We will compose a custom exposition test on Misguided judgments About Africa or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now When in certainty â€Å"only a little level of Africa, along the Guinea Coast, Congo, and in the Zaire River Basin, are rainforests. The majority of Africa’s woodlands, similar to the backwoods of Europe and North America, have been sliced or consumed by people to make farmland. † (MAA) We likewise witness language obstructions become possibly the most important factor in the film. At the point when the Prince is attempting to discover a city in America to discover his lady of the hour he says â€Å"what preferable spot for a sovereign over Queen’s, New York†. When in all reality Queen’s, New York is known for being to have a generally horror rate and high destitution rate in 1988 when the film was discharged, which in American culture, would most likely not be the best spot to discover your â€Å"queen† or sweetheart. Social contrasts, language boundaries, and generalizations, come up frequently in the film. The film attempts to show Americans in a to some degree comedic way how Africa and America have various societies. The social contrasts in the film additionally recommend that it may not be exceptionally simple to progress between the two societies, in light of the fact that American’s and African’s may esteem various things more prominent in one nation contrasted with the other. Generalizations, social contrasts, and language hindrances will consistently be near, yet it is up to the individuals of the world to teach each other, and assist them with assessing and comprehend their disparities, which will thus help the conjunction of countries all through the world. References â€Å"Misconceptions About Africa. †Ã‚ African Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania. Ed. Ali B. Ali-Dinar. Web. 05 Oct. 2010. . (MAA) Step by step instructions to refer to Misconceptions About Africa, Papers

Dispersion and Its Types in Fiber Optics

Scattering: The speed of light is more slow in different materials than it is in a vacuum or space. At the point when the light goes into a material at an edge, the light bar is bowed or refracted by Snell’s Law and the file of refraction of the material. Yet in addition, the speed of light through a material changes marginally with the frequency or recurrence of the light. In this way, every frequency is refracted at a somewhat unique point when going through a material at an edge. This spreading out of light emission is called scattering. Sorts of Dispersions and approaches to diminish: Chromatic Dispersion: Chromatic scattering results from the otherworldly width of the producer. It is a term used to portray the spreading of a light heartbeat as it goes down a fiber when light heartbeats propelled close together(high information rates) spread excessively and result in mistakes and lost data. The unearthly width decides the quantity of various frequencies that are discharged from LED or laser. One approach to decrease chromatic scattering is to limit the otherworldly width of the transmitter. Chromatic scattering can be made up for with the utilization of scattering moved fiber (DSF). Laser has a more limited ghastly width than LEDs. A monochromatic laser produces just a single frequency and hence, doesn't add to chromatic scattering. Modular Dispersion: Modal scattering manages the way (method) of each light beam. Most transmitters emanate a wide range of modes. Lower request modes travel a shorter separation. A portion of these light beams will venture out corresponding to the focal point of the fiber while over and over skip off the cladding/center limit to high request modes their way the waveguide. The modes that enter at sharp points are called high-request mode, which having bearing towards cladding. These modes take longer way to go through the fiber than the low-request modes and in this manner it cusses of modular scattering. One approach to decrease modular scattering is to utilize reviewed list fiber. The reviewed record fiber’s cladding is doped with the goal that the refractive list steadily diminishes over numerous layers. Reviewed Index Fiber has an alternate center structure from single mode and multimode step file strands. In Graded record fiber the estimation of the refractive list changes from the focal point of the center. With a reviewed file fiber, the light follows an increasingly bended way. The high-request modes invest a large portion of the energy going in the lower-record cladding layers close the outside of the fiber. These lower record center layers permit the light to travel quicker than in the higher list place layers. Modular scattering can be totally disposed of by utilizing a solitary mode fiber. Single mode fiber transmits just a single method of light so there is no spearding of the sign because of modular scattering. Material Dispersion: Material scattering is the wonder whereby material makes a heap of light spread out as it engenders. We realize that a laser beat contains a continuum of frequencies in a little range. The list of refraction of a material is subject to the frequency, so every recurrence part really goes at a somewhat extraordinary speed. Material scattering adds to bunch delay, alongside waveguide defer mutilation, differential mode delay and multimode bunch postpone spread.

Do BPD Symptoms Decline With Age

Do BPD Symptoms Decline With Age BPD Print How BPD Symptoms May Change With Age By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 05, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 Tom Merton / Getty Images More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions If someone you know has borderline personality disorder (BPD), you may have noticed that as that person grows older (into his or her late 30s and 40s),  their  symptoms seem to decline in frequency and severity. In fact, this a common phenomenon among those with BPD and has become a major subject of research among healthcare professionals and psychiatrists.   Potential Reasons Why BPD Symptoms Decline With Age While researchers are not exactly sure why BPD symptoms decline with age, some experts have suggested some potential reasons, including burn out, learning, and avoidance of relationships. These can be linked to both biological and environmental factors.   Burn Out in BPD Some experts have speculated that BPD symptoms decline because the symptoms naturally “burn out” or that people simply grow out of the symptoms as they mature. In particular, research has shown that the impulsivity symptoms of BPD are the most likely to decline over time. This is consistent with the observation that, in general, older people engage in less impulsive behavior, even if they do not have BPD. It may be that as we age and mature, the urge to engage in impulsive behaviors slowly goes away, allowing us to make more measured and rational decisions. Just as partying all night loses its appeal for many in their forties and fifties, impulsive or reckless BPD behaviors may also seem less natural.   Learning in BPD Other experts think that BPD symptoms may decline because as you age, you learn how to better manage your symptoms. For some people, this learning may come as the result of intensive treatment, but for others, this may be the result of the natural learning that comes from negotiating life’s challenges. Through experience and trying different treatment options and coping skills, you may be able to decrease the severity of symptoms or handle them before they start. This is similar to learning any skillâ€"with practice over time, it becomes easier to accomplish.   Avoidance of Intimate Relationships in BPD Finally, experts have speculated that BPD symptoms decline because, over time, a person with BPD  may learn to avoid situations that trigger symptoms. For example, for many people with BPD, problems in interpersonal relationships trigger the most intense reactions and symptoms. People with BPD may start to avoid interpersonal relationships altogether in order to reduce their distress. This has been referred to as being comfortably alone. While some people have reported success with this approach, it is hardly considered a solid treatment option. Avoidance and living a solitary life are not considered healthy approaches to BPD but does play a role in decreasing symptom frequency.   Another Perspective on the Connection Between Age and BPD Symptoms It is important to note that some experts dispute whether it is  a persons age or simply the duration of time he or she has had BPD that is linked to the decline in their symptoms. In other words, is it the age of the person that predicts their symptoms, or how long they have had BPD? Also, it is important to understand that while BPD is often thought of as a younger adulthood disorder, there are a group of people who meet the criteria at an older age (40 to 60 years of age), as suggested by a study in the Journal of Psychiatric Research. In this study, older people with BPD were more likely to exhibit feelings of chronic emptiness and have higher degrees of social impairment. They were  less likely to have impulsivity, engage in self-harm, or have rapid shifts in mood.   A Word From Verywell While there appears to be  a link between age and decreased symptoms in BPD, research has yet to identify the exact cause. Whether it is a result of natural maturation or a change in brain chemistry over time, scientists continue to look for the association as it may have a  significant impact on diagnosing and treating people with BPD in the future.   If there is, in fact, a change in brain chemistry, it could mean that potential medications could mimic this effect and help lessen symptoms.   Borderline Personality Disorder Remission and Recovery

Modern Society Gender Roles - 1685 Words

Today we live in a world that continually stresses to us that, All men are created equal. While this sounds great at face value, further inspection tells us that this is far from realistic and sadly may never be. One can examine any aspect of society whether it be race, religion, language, level of education, sexual orientation or economic status and notice that there are numerous characteristics and factors of identity that enable others to treat others differently. This truth may not be pleasant or make one feel all warm and fuzzy inside, however it is our society’s reality, however dismal it may be. Even if the statement above as to the equality of all men were true, how about women? Clearly women have made tremendous strides towards†¦show more content†¦The assumption is that girl babies really are different from boy babies and the difference ought to be displayed. This different treatment continues throughout life, therefore a sex difference at birth become ampli fied into gender difference as people mature (Schwartz 4). Gendered experiences have a great deal of influence on sexual desire. As a boy enters adolescence, he hears jokes about boys’ uncontainable desire. Girls are told the same thing and told that their job is to resist. These gender messages have power not only over attitudes and behavior, such as, whether a person grows up to prefer sex with a lover rather than a stranger, but also over physical and biological experience. For example, a girl may be discouraged from vigorous competitive activity, which will subsequently influence how she develops physically, how she feels about her body, and even how she relates to the adrenaline rush associated with physical competition. Hypothetically, a person who is accustomed to adrenaline responses experiences sexual attraction differently from one who is not (Schwartz 5). In women, a history of sexual activity is not taken to suggest experience in a positive sense, expertise, and high-quality sex. On the contrary, it is seen as a negative mark that marks off a certain kind of woman; which can be labeled as â€Å"loose† or â€Å"easy†. In our society, women have become to be valued for their innocence.Show MoreRelatedGender Roles In Modern Society728 Words   |  3 PagesGender is an integral part of social practices of human interaction. It influences on all aspects of a persons life such as self-assertion and self-development, family, work, school, etc. Through the gender lens a person perceives any kind of information and passes it to the surrounding world by using a gender display. The process of gender socialization and the content of gender stereotypes has great importance not only for the life of an individual, but also for the progressive development ofRead MoreGender Roles Of The Modern Societies2031 Words   |  9 PagesDiffic ulties in differentiating gender roles in the modern societies can be a perfect example of the negative social effects of using stereotypes. A division of gender roles is deeply rooted in the social archetypes. In the past, men have been considered to be the financial providers of the family, and assertive and independent, while women have been portrayed as low-position workers and housewives, responsible for raising children. Nowadays a family model is based on a partnership between the spousesRead MoreTraditional Society Vs. Modern Society1323 Words   |  6 PagesSociety is always progressing, it is able to evolve from the past and reconstruct itself. As the new paradigm shifts, the society is able to adjust to new ideas and concepts that enable us to grow and evolve. Since the population’s innate foundation of society, is the people, the people have an innate responsibility to evolve with the society as well as analyze the basic behavioral systems of specific groups in o rder to understand how we impact the society as well as how we describe our society.Read MoreGender Is A Now A Large Topic For Modern Society938 Words   |  4 PagesGender is a now a huge topic for modern days. How can you classify a gender in modern society? The answer to this question cannot be answered in modern society but in the past countries were the ones to label genders. Tell them who they are, what is there role, how you support the country in this role. Nazi Germany told to raise and birth children . Soviet Union you will raise children and birth them but also be a soldier and fight when needed. You will be treated as a man but with the duty of aRead MoreGender Inequality And Gender Equality1725 Words   |  7 Pagesopinion of a ‘perfect society’ varies according to each individual, but the same general concepts usually remain quite similar: incredibly advanced technology, lush landscapes in hundreds of different shades of green, with copious amounts of pe ace and tranquility. Gender equality, however, is something that seems to be left out of the typical picture of the ‘perfect society’. It is ironic that in the nation where ‘all men are created equal’, there are so many restricting gender roles woven intricatelyRead MoreWhy And How Gender Stereotypes1654 Words   |  7 PagesWhy and How Gender Stereotypes in Advertisements are Challenged Traditional gender roles were constructed based on devotion to cultural value as well as social construct based geographical placement. Males were usually associated and expected to express masculinity while females on the other hand had to express femininity (Ickes). The gender roles have been preserved for too long and it has become almost like a permanent component of a society—like a body part itself, rather than a constructed normsRead MoreA Male Dominant Society1816 Words   |  7 PagesIn order to create a logical and reason based argument that the modern society is still tilted towards a male dominant society, or what the sociologists refer to as a patriarchal society, it is pivotal that a thorough understanding of the characteristics of a patriarchal society is developed. When a strong grasp of the ideas of a patriarchal society is developed then we will be in a position to argue that it is in fact the commoditization of the female sexuality through media and other popular mediumsRead MoreGender Roles And Male Roles1496 Words   |  6 PagesMales and Female Roles Males and females have important roles in society. They have different roles to play in modern society. In the past, men and women generally had their own roles to fulfill. These traditional gender roles were the normal back and still observed today. Gender roles are the roles that men and women are expected to occupy based on their sex. In today’s society the norm in gender roles are challenge. The traditional view of the gender role decided that women should behave in waysRead MoreWomen s First Wave Of Feminism Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesand gender binaries. Newfound research pertaining to female History helps us to better understand modern social constructs and how they were established. Starting with the late eighteenth century, which marks the transition from pre-industrialization to the emergence of economic development in Europe, and then closely following with the American Industrial Revolution. During the rise of the industrial revolution and the eighteenth century came the conception of the classification of gender and sexRead MoreGender Inequality Is The Unequal Treatment Of Someone Based Off Their Gender961 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern society gender inequality is the unequal treatment of someone based off their gender rather than their varying skills, abilities, and characteristics. In our society gender equality can be hard to notice sometimes but in o ther cases it is very obvious such as pay scale for jobs. Many efforts have been taken in the past to get rid of this unequal gap between genders especially in the modern workplace. It is difficulty for many of us to think about gender inequality especially considering

Fundamental and Technical Analysis of Bharti Airtel

ASSIGNMENT ON FUNDAMENTAL ANLAYSIS OF BHARTI AIRTEL SUBJECT:- SECURITY ANALYSIS AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED TO Dr. Hussain Yaganti SUBMITTED BY 1. Devisetty Yeswanth 2008A7PS038H 2. G Sai Kaushik 2008A2PS300H BITS PILANI HYDERABAD CAMPUS FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS Fundamental analysis is the examination of the underlying forces that affect the well being of the company, industry groups and companies. As with most analysis the goal is to develop a forecast of future price movement and profit from it. At the company level, fundamental analysis may involve examination of financial data, management, business concept and competition. At the industry level their might be an examination of supply and demand forces of the products. For the†¦show more content†¦Analysts believe that inflation is likely to remain firm in the medium-term mainly due to last years lower base effect and other driving factors like high food price inflation, recovery in the global economy and ample liquidity. Impact on equity market: The rise in the inflation rate impacts the market sentiments. Higher inflation and monetary policy tightening measures will fuel negative sentiments in the markets as a higher interest rate regime will result in higher cost of borrowing funds for the companies. This would have an immediate impact on the valuations of capital intensive companies and sectors in the stock markets. On the other hand, it will be more difficult for the government to implement some of the reforms measures such as reducing the subsidy on fuel products. This will mean a higher fiscal deficit and therefore add to the negative market sentiments. India’s Interest Rate The benchmark interest rate (reverse repo) in India was last reported at 5.75 percent. In India, interest rate decisions are taken by the Reserve Bank of Indias Central Board of Directors. The official interest rate is the benchmark repurchase rate. From 2000 until 2010, Indias average interest rate was 5.82 percent reaching an historical high of 14.50 percent in August of 2000 and a record low of 3.25 percent in April of 2009. Interpretation: Data here shows that theShow MoreRelatedAirtel1970 Words   |  8 Pagesarde123-323275-airtel-presentation-final-others-misc-ppt-powerpoint/ http://www.moneycontrol.com/company-facts/bhartiairtel/history/BA08 Company History - Bharti Airtel Bharti Tele-Ventures was incorporated on July 7, 1995 as a company with limited liability under the Companies Act, for promoting telecommunications services. Bharti Tele-Ventures received certificate for commencement of business on January 18, 1996.The Company was initially formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bharti Telecom Read MoreConsumer Behaviour Towards Cadbury Products10353 Words   |  42 PagesA PROJECT REPORT ON â€Å"CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR OF AIRTEL† FOR PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (2007-2009) SUBMITTED TO: U.P. TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Bharadwaj SUBMITTED BY: Shailendra Kumar MBA III SEM. 0702970003 ROLL NO.: 1 KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY (AFFILIATED TO U.P. TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW) 2 CONTENTS ïÆ'Ëœ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ïÆ'Ëœ PREFACE ïÆ'Ëœ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ïÆ'Ëœ OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ïÆ'Ëœ RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ïÆ'Ëœ INTRODUCTIONRead MorePest Analysis of Telecommunication Industry4581 Words   |  19 PagesLAN-WAN inter networking, optical networking, voice over Internet protocol and wireless data service etc. MARKET SHARE TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY Sl. No. | Name of Company | Total Sub Figures | Additions in Aug | % Market Share | 1 | Bharti Airtel | 171,846,824 | 1,150,298 | 28.09% | 2 | Vodafone Essar | 144,144,031 | 1,133,024 | 23.56% | 3 | IDEA | 98,441,714 | 2,330,239 | 16.09% | 4 | BSNL | 90,622,219 | 388,057 | 14.81% | 5 | Aircel | 59,191,661 | 602,312 | 9.68% | 6 | UninorRead MoreA Study on Risk and Return Analysis of Selected Nifty Companies with Special Reference to Geojit Cochin10492 Words   |  42 Pagesâ€Å"A STUDY ON RISK AND RETURN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED NIFTY COMPANIES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO geojit cochin† A Project Report Submitted to the UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT, KOZHIKODE In Partial Fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Submitted By NICY. V.P (Reg. No: NCAJMBA026 ) Under the Guidance of MR. R. SARAVANAN, MBA, M hil School Of Management NEHRU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH CENTRERead MoreTelecommunication Essay11645 Words   |  47 PagesIndonesia * MISSION STATEMENT * OUR GOALS AND VALUES * AIRCEL IN DELHI * VALUE ADDED SERVICES ( VAS ) 3. RESEACH METHODOLOGY * INTROCUCTION * PROBLEM DEFINATION * RESEARCH DESIGN * DATA ANALYSIS 4. METHODOLOGY DATA Analysis * SURVEY ON AIRCEL USABLITY * SURVEY ON DIALLER TUNES SERVICE * FINDINGS * LIMITATIONS * RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGESSTIONS 5. ANNEXURES * QUESTIONNARE * CODESHEET * BIBLIOGRAPHY Read MoreSatyam : India s Biggest Corporate Scandal1959 Words   |  8 Pagesexisting firms. Satyam listed in their financial statements that their main competitors included Bharti Airtel, Tata Communications Limited (TCL), Reliance Infocomm, and several government-owned telecommunications companies. The larger companies and government-run companies in India’s service provider industry have several competitive advantages that may not be available to Satyam: greater financial and technical resources, the ability to charge lower prices, the ability to obtain a source of power (electricity)Read MorePair Trading5362 Words   |  22 Pages09206 Sulagn Patanaik - 09150 Mr. Vivek Gupta Prof. Devi Prasad Bedari Dr. Jaba M. Gupta Company: CapitalVia Global Research Ltd. Road Map About CapitalVia Why Pair Trading? Project Objective Scope What is Pair Trading? Methodology Strategy Analysis Observations Findings Limitations Future Scope Pair Trading 1 November 2010 CapitalVia Global Research Ltd. Investment advisory firm Stock tips Commodity tips FO Intensive research in stock market Customers: Pan India Offices in India: BangaloreRead MoreRisk and Return Analysis26155 Words   |  105 Pagesa process to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. A research process consists of stages or steps that guide the project from its conception through the final analysis, recommendations and ultimate actions. The research process provides a systematic, planned approach to the research project and ensures that all aspects of the research project are consistent with each other. Research studies evolveRead MoreImpact of Macro Economics Factors in Share Market19276 Words   |  78 PagesPreliminary research has been done using different approaches to investigate such relationship between Share Price Movement of Particular Sector and Microeconomic variables. This has been necessitated by the general perception, that Microeconomic fundamentals such as Inflation, Dollar Value, FII, Call Money Rate and Interest Rate influence economic activities especially stock returns. â€Å"A significant research has been done to investigate the relationship between Share Price Movement and a range of MicroeconomicRead MoreChanging Consumer Pattern in India5099 Words   |  21 PagesHistorically, change has been a gradual and largely predictable process, allowing industry experts to reasonably forecast consumption patterns and consumer behaviour in the near future based on the current and immediate past. Those days are history. The fundamental shifts in consumer spending patterns have far-reaching implications not only for manufacturers, marketers and retailers of consumer products and services, but for all of India and Indian society as a whole. This article highlights and analyses these

Behavioral Theories of Learning Free Essays

Skinner’s terminology provides that positive reinforcers are any form of encouragement like rewards, awards and goals and positive reinforcement is the act itself of receiving the reward or achieving the goal (Skinner B. F. , 1969). We will write a custom essay sample on Behavioral Theories of Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now The definitions of operant conditioning provide that negative reinforcement is a mode of behavioral theory that as a result of experiencing a negative condition, a particular behavior is enhanced, strengthened or emphasized. (http://www. mcli. dist. maricopa. edu/proj/nru/opcond. html, 1999). A good example of positive reinforcement inside a classroom would be a teacher giving extra credits for students who would achieve a certain high average. How is this positive reinforcement? Students will become motivated to excel and give extra effort to achieve the award and in the process they get to learn more ultimately benefiting them in the end. A pre-school teacher giving candy to the brave little girl who will not cry and back out of her first day in school is also an instance of positive reinforcement. The school board giving an award or an additional benefit for the teacher of the month, this is another example of a positive reinforcement. Why is that? By promising to give a little extra something, the school encourages the teachers to improve their over-all teaching performance and by doing so, they are encouraging a little friendly competition among fellow educators. The learning curve is sure to climb the charts if all the teachers and students are motivated. How will that be achieved? It is simple. The teachers will be inspired to think of innovative teaching methods that will be effective on students and in turn the students learn more. Some teachers are not as approachable as others that is the reason why students don’t ask questions even though they did not fully understand the subject matter, as a solution, they can make themselves available to students for consultation. As a result, the school’s educational framework benefits because of cooperation and communication. Everybody gets a special kind of something in the end. The key word in positive reinforcement is benefit. One way or another, everyone receives something beneficial to himself and to others as well. An example of negative reinforcement inside the four corners of the classroom would be a teacher who warns students that if they fail the exam they would get an automatic failing grade. This is negative reinforcement because if a student wants to avoid getting a failing grade, he would study. His studying habits will be strengthened as a consequence of being threatened of getting a failing grade. The application of negative reinforcement can be most usually seen in the fields of education and reform. The use of fines, imprisonment is one such example of the use of negative reinforcement to warn of the negative consequences of associating with social ills (Skinner,1953). Negative Reinforcement as compared to punishment strengthens a behavior because a negative condition is stopped or avoided as a result of such behavior while the latter weakens a behavior because of the introduction of a negative condition as a result of the behavior (mcli. dist. maricopa. edu, 1999). An example of punishment is when a student is caught cheating by his professor, the consequence would be detention or suspension. Another demeanor of a student which is very suitable for punishment is bribing a teacher in order for him to get an â€Å"A†. This offense should be dealt with seriously because it can affect the educational system not to mention the character and reputation of the school. Punishment endeavors to make the person realize the intensity of the offense that was committed and for him to reflect on his actions. All these will be in vain if an important goal of punishment is not achieved, which goal is for the person not to repeat the same offense ever again. The application of these kinds of reinforcement depends upon the situation and the individual upon whom these will be enforced. Imagine expelling a student for being caught littering inside the school grounds. The use of these types of reinforcements would vary not only because of a particular scenario but the attitude and intent of the person involved would have to be taken into consideration as well. In positive and negative reinforcement, the responses and effects are unpredictable. The effect would be of course either positive or negative as well. Positive outcome results when the desired response or behavior is achieved by using a certain kind of reinforcement, however, this desired outcome is not always achieved. For instance, in positive reinforcement, the aim is improvement and encouragement but the psyche of the person being motivated or encouraged does not depend on the positive reinforcer. For instance, no matter what benefit the teacher promises the student but the latter is not moved by it, there would be no positive result. The results in negative reinforcement, the aim of which is education or reform, will not be accomplished when the expected reaction or behavior is not achieved. As in the example given above, when a teacher suspends or sends a student in detention for cheating but the latter does it again, negative outcome results. In the field of education, positive or negative enforcement or even punishment may be associated with each other not only because they are modes to elicit a certain response from a student but because of the result they so aspire. The means may be different but the desired end to be achieved is the same; to maximize the learning potential and more importantly to mold the student’s behavior for the better. References Skinner B. F. , 1969, Contingencies of Reinforcement: A Theoretical Analysis, New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Retrieved 04/03/09 from http://www. freeonlineresearchpapers. com/ Macopa Center for Learning and Instruction Retrieved 04/03/09 from http://www. mcli. dist. maricopa. edu/proj/nru/opcond. html Skinner B. F. , 1953, Science and Human Behaviour, New York: Macmillan. Retrieved 04/03/09 from http://www. freeonlineresearchpapers. com/ How to cite Behavioral Theories of Learning, Papers

Wrkbook Assignment free essay sample

This is called a puncture wound. I would tell the patient to keep the wound clean and dry. Because there could have been rust on the nail I would tell the patient they need to keep an eye out for infection. I would also talk with him about tetanus and if he noticed it was not getting better or it was becoming red all over that he needed to take his son to the Er. 2. A patient calls the office complaining of feeling a stuffiness and something in the ear. He has complaints of pain in the ear canal and decreased hearing capability. How do you respond to this call? Because you do not want to do any damage to the ear canal you would want to send this patient to the doctor. It could be a number of things that was gotten stuck in his ear. If it is a bug the doctor may use a light to get it to crawl out if it’s alive or if it’s dead the doctor may use a water solution to wash it out. We will write a custom essay sample on Wrkbook Assignment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If it’s an object other than a bug he may use forceps to get it out. 3. A mother calls in advising her 16-year-old son has been out in the extreme cold. She has noticed the tissue on his face is firm and the skin has a waxy appearance. The skin is very cold to the touch. How do you respond to this call? Sound like frostbite. I would advise the mother to that her son to the ER right away. 4. A female patient calls in advising she is experiencing a numbness of hands and fingers with pain in these areas at night. Swelling of the wrist or hand and â€Å"fluttering† of the fingers are additional symptoms. How do you handle this call? Because there are a lot of symptoms and the patient do not know what happened leading up to this event I would bring her in right away to get checked. . An older patient calls in telling you she has noticed bruising on her daughter in various stages of healing and on areas of the body that are concealed by clothing. Her daughter says she will agree to come to the office. How do you respond? Bruising on someone’s body in various stages of healing could be from anything. If a patient called me about this I would think first that she is being abused by someone. I would make her m y first available appointment and I would make sure I had a counselor available just in case that was the problem.